Background:
Patients sensitized
to birch pollen
frequently suffer
from a food allergy
to plant foods such
as celery, carrots,
or hazelnut. Oneof
the main
manifestations of
birch pollen-related
food allergy is the
oral allergy
syndrome. Skin tests
and allergen-specifi
c immunoglobulin
(Ig) E
determinations are
poor predictors of
such reactions when
assessed by double-blind
placebo-controlled
food challenge (DBPCFC).
Objective: To
investigate whether
a cellular test
based on leukotriene
release from
basophils, the
cellular antigen
stimulation test in
combination with
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay
(CAST-ELISA), is
predictive of pollen-related
food allergy.
Methods:
Birch pollen-sensitized
patients with
positive DBPCFC to
celery (n = 21),
hazelnut (n = 15),
and carrot (n = 7)
underwent skintests
along with
determination of
specifi c IgE and
CAST-ELISA for the
respective allergens.
The results were
compared with those
of 24 birch pollen-sensitized
patients with
negative open food
challenge to celery,
hazelnut, and carrot.
Results:
While skin prick
tests had a
sensitivity of 85%,
80%, and 29% for
commercial extracts
of celery, hazelnut,
and carrot,
respectively, prick
testing with self-prepared
extracts yielded
sensitivities of
100%, 80%, and 100%,
respectively. For
specifi c IgE
determinations,
sensitivities were
71%, 73%, and 57%,
respectively, and
the respective
specifi cities were
67%, 73%, and 60%.
For CAST-ELISA with
various sources and
doses of allergens,
the sensitivity
varied from 71% to
95% for celery, 73%
to 80% for hazelnut,
and 43% to 86% for
carrot. The
respective specifi
cities were 67% to
92%, 75% to 88%, and
77% to 91%. Analysis
of the predictive
value of CAST-ELISA
with receiver
operating
characteristic
curves showed that
the results of the
tests were more
predictive of pollen-related
food allergy than
quantitative
allergen-specifi c
IgE determinations.
Conclusions:
CAST-ELISA is more
specifi c than
routine diagnostic
tests for the
diagnosis of pollen-related
food allergy to
celery, hazelnut,
and carrot.
Key words:
Cellular antigen
stimulation test.
Sulfi doleukotriene
release. Pollen-associated
food allergy. Oral
allergy syndrome.
Double-blind
placebo-controlled
food challenge.
Hazelnut. Celery.
Carrot. |